Itching and small white flakes on the scalp may raise concerns, but the cause is not always the same. Some people mistake dandruff for lice, as both create discomfort and visible particles in the hair. Knowing the difference helps in choosing the right approach. A correct diagnosis allows better care, making hair lice treatment more effective.
Appearance and texture:
Lice and dandruff may look similar at first, but there are clear differences. Dandruff consists of dry skin flakes that can be white or yellow. These flakes are loose and fall off easily when the hair is touched or brushed. Lice eggs, also known as nits, stick firmly to hair strands near the scalp and do not move easily. Adult lice are small, brownish insects that crawl quickly.
Itching and irritation:
Both lice and dandruff cause itching, but for different reasons. Dandruff is due to dry skin or irritation from hair products. The itching is often mild and improves with regular washing and moisturising shampoos. Lice bites cause a more intense and persistent itch, often leading to redness or small sores on the scalp. Scratching too much may lead to further irritation.
Location on the scalp:
Dandruff appears throughout the scalp, with flakes often found on the shoulders and clothing. It is more noticeable in dry conditions. Lice and their eggs are commonly found behind the ears and near the nape of the neck. Checking these areas closely helps in identifying lice. A fine-toothed comb is useful for examining the hair more closely.
Movement and spread:
Dandruff does not move on its own and is simply loose skin shedding from the scalp. Lice are active and move through the hair. If small bugs are visible crawling on the scalp, it confirms the presence of lice. While dandruff may come and go depending on hair care routines, lice spread easily through direct contact and sharing personal items.
Treatment differences:
Dandruff usually improves with gentle hair care and anti-dandruff shampoos. Using mild, hydrating shampoos and avoiding excessive styling products reduces flaking. Lice entail specific treatment, such as medicated shampoos or natural remedies, along with regular combing to remove eggs. Cleaning personal items like combs, bedding, and hats is also necessary to stop lice from spreading.
